What is a Bulging or Herniated Disc?
If you suffer from back pain, it could be caused by trauma to your spine leading to either a bulging or herniated disc, also referred to as a protruding disc. In between each of your vertebrae is a tough but flexible “spacer” pad called a spinal disc pad or simply called a “disc” because of its shape. The discs are primarily made of water, collagen, and cartilage with a gel center called the nucleus for shock absorption. The discs provide a passageway or a kind of a “nerve hole” (foramen) between two vertebrae, through which the nerves leave the spinal cord and exit through the nerve hole passageway and branch out to organs, muscles, and tissues of your body.
Proper nerve function allows critical information from your brain to reach its intended destination. However, if you have a bulging disc or protruding , the disc becomes inflamed and the gel center bulges outwards potentially creating physical irritating pressure against your nerves.
When a tear in the wall of the disc occurs the disc is then called a herniated disc and can be even more painful and symptomatic. An even more serious version of a herniated disc is called an extruding disc, when the gel of the disc squeezes out much like that of toothpaste squeezing out of a tube. In all cases , a range of symptoms can include, shooting, aching, symptoms down the leg (sciatica), weakness in the back and/or leg, difficulty in sitting, standing, or walking, and much more.